Scrolling, Following, Deciding: The Hidden Power of Digital Influence on Wise Financial Decision DOI: https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2026.7.2.7
Main Article Content
Abstract
The effect of social media and digital influencers on financial behaviours has been well documented, but there is yet any solid evidence of their role in driving wise financial decision-making among Malaysians in particular. This study hence sets out to examine the impact of social media engagement and parasocial interaction in shaping financial attitudes, and the influence of financial attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the intention to practice wise financial decision-making. The mediating role of financial attitude was also studied, specifically in the link between social media engagement, parasocial interaction, and intention. A total of 250 Malaysian fintech users selected via convenience sampling were surveyed. PLS-SEM was later used to analyse the collected data. It was found that social media engagement and parasocial interaction significantly affect financial attitude, whilst financial attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control significantly influence the intention to practice wise financial decision-making. Financial attitude was also found to mediate the relationships between social media engagement, parasocial interaction, and intention. Based on the results, digital platforms and financial attitudes were confirmed to drive positive financial behaviour. Specifically, via its promotion of financial literacy, wise financial decision-making, and digital inclusion, all of which facilitate fintech providers, financial educators, and policymakers in improving digital financial literacy in Malaysia, this study supports SDG 4, SDG 8, and SDG 10 (Quality Education, Decent Work & Economic Growth, and Reduced Inequalities, respectively).
Article Details
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), 665-683. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x
Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113-1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995
Agarwal, P., Kumar, D., & Katiyar, R. (2025). Antecedents of continuous purchase behavior for sustainable products: An integrated conceptual framework and review. Journal of Consumer Behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.2487
Akhtar, M. A., Khan, K. A., & Hoang, H. C. (2023). Role of social networking sites in financial product choice: An investigation through the theory of planned behavior. Business Perspectives and Research, 11(1), 44-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/22785337211070342
Aldlimi, T., Priporas, C. V., & Chang, S. W. (2025). Engagement in influencer marketing: A systematic review of key drivers, behaviors, and future research directions. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 24(3), 1541-1566. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.2485
Alias, A. A., Zaidi, F. Z., & Mohd Fauzey, N. F. S. (2025). Buy now, think later? A conceptual take on Malaysian BNPL choices. International Journal of Management, Finance and Accounting, 6(2), 200-218. https://doi.org/10.33093/ijomfa.2025.6.2.7
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.
Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Selected recent advances and applications. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 16(3), 352. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v16i3.3107
Breves, P. L., & van Berlo, Z. M. (2025). Making and breaking parasocial relationships with human and virtual influencers: An experience sampling study. Media Psychology, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2025.2558029
Che Hassan, N., Abdul-Rahman, A., Ab. Hamid, S. N., & Mohd Amin, S. I. (2024). What factors affecting investment decision? The moderating role of fintech self-efficacy. Plos one, 19(4), e0299004. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299004
Chetan, & Pandey, A. (2025). Finance influencers: A literature review. Global Journal of Enterprise Information System. 17(1), 34-39. https://doi.org/10.18311/gjeis/2025
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In Modern methods for business research (pp. 295-336). Psychology Press.
Choi, Y., Han, S., & Lee, C. (2024). Exploring drivers of fintech adoption among elderly consumers. Technology in Society, 78, 102669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102669
Chu, K. M. (2018). Mediating influences of attitude on internal and external factors influencing consumers’ intention to purchase organic foods in China. Sustainability, 10(12), 4690. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124690
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Candrawati, T., & Widiastuti, R. (2026). The influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, compatibility and subjective norm on the use of e-money. European Public & Social Innovation Review, 11, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2026-2072
Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM). (2025, 26 November). https://www.dosm.gov.my/uploads/release-content/file_20251126170640.pdf
Dessart, L. (2017). Social media engagement: A model of antecedents and relational outcomes. Journal of Marketing Management, 33(5-6), 375-399. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2017.1302975
Devisakti, A., & Ramayah, T. (2019). E-learning usage outcomes among university learners: A pilot study. Journal of Education and e-learning Research, 6(3), 149-155.
Farivar, S., Wang, F., & Turel, O. (2026). Unraveling threats in parasocial relationships: A study on social media influencers. Internet Research, 36(1), 208-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/INTR-01-2024-0075
Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Baron, K. E. (2004). Testing Moderator And Mediator Effects In Counselling Psychology. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 51, 115-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115
Frick, V., Matthies, E., Thøgersen, J., & Santarius, T. (2021). Do online environments promote sufficiency or overconsumption? Online advertisement and social media effects on clothing, digital devices, and air travel consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 20(2), 288-308. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1855
García-Santillán, A., Zamora-Lobato, M. T., Tejada-Peña, E., & Valencia-Márquez, L. (2025). Exploring the relationship between financial education, financial attitude, financial advice, and financial knowledge: Insights through financial capabilities and financial well-being. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(3), 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18030151
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019a). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). London: Cengage Learning.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Hair, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: Updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMDA.2017.087624
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019b). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hasan, M., Asriani, Ahmad, M. I. S., Supatminingsih, T., Dinar, M., Sangkala, M., ... & Idris, H. (2025). Family financial education and financial management behavior among Generation Z: Integrating the theory of planned behavior and technology acceptance model to explore the importance of financial literacy and locus of control. Cogent Education, 12(1), 2510067. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2510067
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Hidayati, N. Y., & Destiana, R. (2023). The influence of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and financial literacy on investment intention. Return: Study of Management, Economic and Bussines, 2(7), 718-728. https://doi.org/10.57096/return.v2i7.137
Hii, I. S., & Ong, Y. X. (2026). Finfluencer: Can financial social media influencers promote desirable financial behaviours?. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 44(2), 284-312. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-05-2024-0256
Huang, Y. C. (2024). The roles of social media and mutual relationships between travel attitudes and brand equity. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 36(2), 390-407. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-02-2023-0108
Irimia-Diéguez, A., Velicia-Martín, F., & Aguayo-Camacho, M. (2023). Predicting FinTech innovation adoption: The mediator role of social norms and attitudes. Financial Innovation, 9(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-022-00434-6
Jena, R. K. (2025). Factors influencing the adoption of fintech for the enhancement of financial inclusion in rural India using a mixed methods approach. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(3), 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18030150
Joseph, M., Ouyang, C., & White, K. J. (2025). From Likes to Wallets: Exploring the Relationship Between Social Media and FinTech Usage. FinTech, 4(3), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4030028
Katnic, I., Katnic, M., Orlandic, M., Radunovic, M., & Mugosa, I. (2024). Understanding the role of financial literacy in enhancing economic stability and resilience in Montenegro: A data-driven approach. Sustainability, 16(24), 11065. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411065
Kaur, R., & Singh, M. (2025). Influence of family financial socialization on emerging adults’ financial well-being. LBS Journal of Management & Research, 23(2), 186-202. https://doi.org/10.1108/LBSJMR-04-2024-0024
Kim, J., & Nan, X. (2012). Understanding the psychology of attitudes: A review of attitudes research guided by theories of behavioral intention and dual-process models. Psychology of Attitudes, 35-59.
Kumar, S., & Mathew, R. (2025). From influence to identity: A review of parasocial relationships and consumer brand attachment in the social media era. Advances in Consumer Research, 2(4), p2895.
Lupsa-Tataru, D. A., Nichifor, E., Dovleac, L., Chitu, I. B., Todor, R. D., & Bratucu, G. (2023). Buy now pay later - a fad or a reality? A perspective on electronic commerce. Economies, 11(8), 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11080218
MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., & Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), 593-614. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542
Maduku, D. K., & Dlamini, S. (2026). Trust, usefulness and the adoption of financial advice: comparing consumer responses to social media (C2C) versus institutional (B2C) sources. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 44(1), 77-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-05-2025-0339
Malaysia Department of Insolvency (MDI). (2026). Bankruptcy statistic 2025. https://www.mdi.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/BRIEF-NOTE-DISEMBER-2025.pdf
Malhotra, N. K. (2008). Essentials of marketing: An applied orientation (2nd ed.). Australia: Pearson Education.
Memon, M. A., Ting, H., Cheah, J. H., Thurasamy, R., Chuah, F. & Cham, T. H. (2020). Sample size for survey research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 4(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.47263/jasem.4(2)01
Mohd Salim, M. N. H., Azinuddin, M., Mior Shariffuddin, N. S., Wan Mohd Zain, W. M. A., Ibrahim, M. A., & Zainul, N. H. (2025). Destination social media foodscape and visit intention: double mediation assessment of food destination attractiveness and familiarity among gastronomy tourists. Journal of Culinary Science & Technology, 23(6), 1422-1448. https://doi.org/10.1080/15428052.2024.2414059
Moran, G., Muzellec, L., & Johnson, D. (2020). Message content features and social media engagement: evidence from the media industry. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 29(5), 533-545. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-09-2018-2014
Mukherjee, K., & Banerjee, N. (2019). Social networking sites and customers’ attitude towards advertisements. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 13(4), 477-491. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-06-2018-0081
Mured, M., Mazhar, M., Moon, M. A., & Shafiq, A. (2026). Financial advice in digital age: The role of finfluencers on financial behavioral intentions. Journal of Social & Organizational Matters, 5(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.56976/jsom.v5i1.372
Nabila, F. S., Fakhri, M., Pradana, M., Kartawinata, B. R., & Silvianita, A. (2023). Measuring financial satisfaction of Indonesian young adults: A SEM-PLS analysis. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00281-4
Nadroo, Z. M., Islam, J. U., & Naqshbandi, M. A. (2025). Parasocial interaction in marketing domain: Offering insights through a systematic literature review. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 49(4), e70079. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.70079
Nadroo, Z. M., Lim, W. M., & Naqshbandi, M. A. (2024). Domino effect of parasocial interaction: Of vicarious expression, electronic word-of-mouth, and bandwagon effect in online shopping. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 78, 103746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103746
Ngu, T. (2025, 10 July). Social media landscape Malaysia: Key statistics & platforms you need to know. Hashmeta. https://hashmeta.com/blog/social-media-landscape-malaysia-key-statistics-platforms-you-need-to-know/#:~:text=WhatsApp%20dominates%20Malaysia's%20messaging%20landscape%20with%20over,over%2065%2C000%20Malaysian%20companies%20for%20customer%20communications.
Ni, X., Shao, X., Geng, Y., Qu, R., Niu, G., & Wang, Y. (2020). Development of the social media engagement scale for adolescents. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 701. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00701
Olajide, O., Pandey, S., & Pandey, I. (2024). Social media for investment advice and financial satisfaction: does generation matter?. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(9), 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17090410
Ozili, P. K. (2023). The acceptable R-square in empirical modelling for social science research. In Social research methodology and publishing results: A guide to non-native English speakers (pp. 134-143). IGI global.
Pellegrino, A. (2024). Social comparison, problems of digital consumption and its implications. In Decoding Digital Consumer Behavior: Bridging Theory and Practice (pp. 113-131). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3454-2_8
Pellegrino, A., Abe, M., & Shannon, R. (2022). The dark side of social media: Content effects on the relationship between materialism and consumption behaviors. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 870614. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.870614
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
Roh, T., Yang, Y. S., Xiao, S., & Park, B. I. (2024). What makes consumers trust and adopt fintech? An empirical investigation in China. Electronic Commerce Research, 24(1), 3-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-021-09527-3
Safwan, A., & Ali, S. (2025). Impact of fanship and parasocial interaction on parasocial relationship between users and social media influencers. The Critical Review of Social Sciences Studies, 3(3), 850-863. https://doi.org/10.59075/2p57hb95
Saxena, R., Chowhan, S. S., & Saxena, P. (2025). Role of social media: Evaluating accessibility and interactivity relevance in financial education content. In V. Sharma, M. Gupta, N. Arora, & A. A. Shaikh (1st Eds.), FinTech and Financial Inclusion: Leveraging digital finance for economic empowerment and sustainable growth. (pp. 60-71). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003514114
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (5th ed.). Chichester: John Willey & Sons Ltd.
Sharma, D., Kumar, N., & Kumar, P. (2025). Influence of individual's readiness and perceived behavioural control nexus on the behavioural intention towards FinTech adoption. International Journal of Process Management and Benchmarking, 19(4), 443-461. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPMB.2025.144798
She, L., Rasiah, R., Weissmann, M. A., & Kaur, H. (2024). Using the theory of planned behaviour to explore predictors of financial behaviour among working adults in Malaysia. FIIB Business Review, 13(1), 118-135. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145231169336
Shih, H. M., Chen, B. H., Chen, M. H., Wang, C. H., & Wang, L. F. (2022). A study of the financial behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 14(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v14n2p1
Singh, A., & Parwez, S. (2025). The power of social media in shaping financial literacy and economic choices: A comprehensive study. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 15(1), 173-177.
Sobaih, A. E. E., & Elshaer, I. A. (2023). Risk-taking, financial knowledge, and risky investment intention: Expanding theory of planned behavior using a moderating-mediating model. Mathematics, 11(2), 453. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11020453
Strömbäck, C., Lind, T., Skagerlund, K., Västfjäll, D., & Tinghög, G. (2017). Does self-control predict financial behavior and financial well-being?. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 14, 30-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2017.04.002
Thanki, H., Shah, S., Rathod, H. S., Oza, A. D., & Burduhos-Nergis, D. D. (2022). I am ready to invest in socially responsible investments (SRI) options only if the returns are not compromised: Individual investors’ intentions toward SRI. Sustainability, 14(18), 11377. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811377
Wan Nawang, W. R., Anwar, I. F., & Azri, N., A. (2025a). A structural model of cash waqf intention among Malaysian Muslim Gen Y and Gen Z: The mediating role of attitude. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 10(75), 927-946. https://doi.org/10.55573/JISED.107577
Wan Nawang, W. R., Kamarudin, U. M., & Boucif, S. A. (2025b). Determinants of financial well-being among Malaysian university students: The role of financial behaviour as a mediator. The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 1-21. https://doi.org/10.33102/jmifr.595
Zahoor, S. Z., & Shah, A. M. (2024). Impact of social media on users’ complex buying behaviour: Analysing the mediating effect of perception and moderating effect of extended social media usage. Management and Labour Studies, 49(1), 119-148. https://doi.org/10.1177/0258042X231167315
Zhang, Y., He, J., & Li, J. (2025). The role of flow experience in virtual influencer marketing: insights into aesthetic, entertainment and parasocial influences on purchase intention. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 29(6), 1109-1129. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-05-2024-0201