International Human Rights Violations by the Indonesian Government in Managing Deforestation-Induced Disasters in Sumatra
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Abstract
This study analyses potential international human rights violations by the Indonesian government in response to the Sumatra flood disaster, highlighting a policy paradox in which fiscal and administrative regulations impede international assistance despite failures to prevent deforestation-driven disasters. This study used a socio-legal approach that reviews international legal instruments (ICCPR, ICESCR, and the IFRC Guidelines) and domestic regulations governing disaster management, customs, and donation audits. Findings show that the floods were largely man-made due to inadequate environmental enforcement; restrictive policies have criminalised humanitarian aid; and delays in declaring a National Disaster status obstruct international relief efforts, thereby violating R2P principles and the right to an adequate standard of living. The study concludes that the government committed human rights violations both by omission, through environmental neglect, and by commission, via legal and administrative barriers limiting emergency aid access. It underscores the urgent need for disaster management law reform, prioritising human protection over political or bureaucratic interests.
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